北京市居住区绿地植物组成及其物种多样性研究

为探讨北京市五环内居住区绿地植物种类、结构以及植物群落特性,於2005年5～8月进行机械布点,共调查乔木样方180个,灌木样方200个,草本样方1 095个.结果表明:①北京市居住区共有维管束植物68科178属273种.②从市中心到五环梯度群落物种多样性特征为:物种丰富度草本层＞灌木层＞乔木层;均匀度乔木层、灌木层＞草本层;多样性指数灌木层、草本层＞乔木层.③绿地结构类型中,乔灌草交互组成的复层结构占优势.     

舟山海岛城市园林绿化的现状及几点建议

对舟山市部分绿地布局结构不合理，种植设计单一，生态效益差，景观效果不理想等现状，提出了在绿化建设中应坚持以生态理论为依据。平面绿化和空间绿化相结合。以乔木为主，乔、灌、草、地被相结合，形成多层次，全方位的具有海岛特色的城市绿色和生态环境系统，从而开创了舟山海岛城市园林绿化新局面。     

绿色植物生长调节剂GGR推广机制的探讨

根据湖南省推广绿色植物生长调节剂的多年实践 ,总结出一条使这一高新科技成果转入试验、示范、推广以及成果不断充实完善的良性循环运转机制。通过采取宏观调控和市场调节相结合的方法 ,建立起上下相连、左右相通的系统的服务保障体系 ,初步形成了试验、示范、销售、科普宣传和人才培养为一体的良性循环。基本上达到了建全体系、培养人才、建立示范、全面应用、促进科技进步的目的。     

Composition of pyrolyzate from Japanese green tea

Green tea is a beverage that is produced by hot-water extraction of the leaves of tea (Camellia sinensis L.). As the amount of green tea consumption has increased, the importance of using the residue has grown. To address this problem, chemical compositions of two pyrolyzates obtained with an electric kiln, L and G, which were obtained from the tea leaf product and its hot-water extraction residue, respectively, were examined. Both pyrolyzates were alkaline, in contrast to the acidic pHs that are typical of pyrolyzates from wood materials. The major constituents were nitrogen-containing compounds, which accounted for up to about 70% (based on gas chromatography-mass spectrometry peak area). Caffeine was the main compound in both samples, although it might not be a pyrolysis product but actually sublimates from the samples and then condenses back into the pyrolyzates. Other nitrogen-containing compounds were formed mainly from proteins and amino acids. Acids and phenols, which are typical components in pyrolyzates obtained from wood materials and contribute to acidic pH, were rare in both samples. Other neutral compounds are known as compounds in pyrolyzates from wood materials. The pyrolyzates obtained in this experiment were novel and may have new uses.Contents of this report was presented in the 52nd Annual Meeting of the Japan Wood Research Society, Gifu, 2002     

浅析景观设计中空间的设计与营造——以北京某部油库区景观规划设计为例

以北京某部油库区景观规划设计为例,论述了景观规划设计中空间设计与营造的方法,并通过对方案设计的依据、步骤和方法的研究,强调了空间设计是景观设计重要的组成部分,对景观总体布局起到了决定性的作用。同时,通过结合场地现有空间的分析,我们能够更加清楚地寻找到符合场地特性的设计方案,为在场地中活动的人们提供更加舒适的休闲环境,实现场地的合理利用方式。     

Nitrogen mineralization patterns of leaf-twig mixtures from tropical leguminous trees

Green manure applications in alley cropping systems often include twigs despite their potential to absorb (immobilize) nitrogen (N). To assess the impact of twigs on net N mineralization or immobilization from hedge row cuttings, we separated cuttings fromCalliandra calothyrsus andGliricidia sepium into leaf-only, twig-only, and mixed (leaf + twig) fractions and incubated them with moist soil in the laboratory. Soil extractable inorganic N did no differ among treatments after two weeks, but after four and eight weeks was greatest in leaf-only, and least in twig-only treatments. After two weeks, extractable N from the leaf-only treatment rose steadily, while that from the twig-only and mixed treatments was variable due to periods of net mineralization and net immobilization. The pattern of variation in mixed treatments paralleled that of twig-only, indicating that net immobilization in the mixture was largely caused by the presence of twigs. Extractable N from the mixture was somewhat lower than that predicted from the sum of leaf-only and twig-only treatments. We conclude that twigs in green manure reduce short-term N availability to associated crops in agroforestry systems.     

南京主要滨河绿地植物群落的调查

应用群落生态学方法,对南京紫霞湖、前湖、护城河与玄武湖滨河绿地植物群落的外貌、组成与结构等进行了调查。结果表明,5个绿地主要以阔叶落叶树种为主,缺少常绿树种的运用;群落结构不甚合理,乔木层相对丰富,而低矮灌木及地被层种类和数量相对缺少;人工绿地过于注重观赏品种的运用,而忽视耐水湿性种。作者认为,应结合地形和环境,合理地把握植物耐水湿性与观赏性,创造有地域特色的滨河植物景观,达到自然景观与人工景观的统一;可适当增补一些观赏性好的适生树种,提高植物景观多样性,营造城市滨河生态廊道,使其成为城市绿地系统中的组成部分。     

Activity of blue green microalgae extracts against in vitro generated Staphylococcus aureus with reduced susceptibility to vancomycin

Blue green microalgae have been identified as one of the promising groups of organism from which biochemically active natural products have been isolated. Aqueous and organic extracts of nine blue green microalgae strains were screened against in vitro generated vancomycin intermediate resistant Staphylococcus aureus (VISA) strains. Aqueous extracts of all the blue green microalgae cultures were found to be inactive, while all the organic (hexane, chloroform and methanolic) extracts of Anabaena virabilis and Anabaena sp. showed activity against VISA strains with MIC of 32-64 mug/ml.     

珠海市板樟山森林公园休闲保健型森林营建的研究

森林的多目标利用是当前林业界努力探索的方向,其中以维护大众健康为主的利用价值可能最易受到重视,休闲保健型森林以供人们休闲游憩、强身健体为主要经营目的,其营建在中国刚刚起步,其类型,作用、地位、意义,营建项目,途径和措施,以及与国民健康的关系等诸多方面不为大多数人所了解,本文强调森林在现代人休闲活动中的重要性,归纳了休闲保健型森林对人们精神,身体、技能诸方面的功效,以及休闲保健型森林的3种服务模式,介绍了珠海市板樟山森林公园休闲保健型森林的营建,并提出进一步改造的途径和措施;（1）诱鸟森林的营建;诱鸟林的选址,诱鸟林的植物配置,诱鸟区的活动项目设置。（2）休闲保健型森林改造的途径与措施;（1）营建四季分明,山花烂漫的森林;（2）具有人体保健功能的树种改造;（3）推行森林浴活动;（4）林相的整理与维护;（5）在自然保护的同时兼顾景观维护;（6）推行解说服务。     

红皮云杉嫩枝扦插繁殖技术的研究

本文描述了红皮云杉嫩枝扦插繁殖技术。通过试验筛选出１种适合于红皮云杉嫩枝扦插的基质（插壤），２种使生根率达９８％且根系发育良好的生根剂。同时，提出了把握扦播时机，合理运用生根剂浓度及处理时间的方法和技术措施。